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991.
跨国公司作为全球经济的发动机,依然是国际研发的主体。但是,随着经济全球化的不断深入发展,跨国公司的国际研发也出现了新的发展趋势,跨国公司在发展中国家的研发投入日益增加,给发展中国家带来了机遇和挑战。本文认为,发展中国家在积极吸引跨国公司研发投资的同时,应该趋利避害,发展本国的经济。 相似文献
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993.
Ranking efficiency units in DEA using bootstrapping an applied analysis for Slovenian farm data 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This article explores how data envelopment analysis (DEA), along with a smoothed bootstrap method, can be used in applied analysis to obtain more reliable efficiency rankings for farms. The main focus is the smoothed homogeneous bootstrap procedure introduced by Simar and Wilson (1998) to implement statistical inference for the original efficiency point estimates. Two main model specifications, constant and variable returns to scale, are investigated along with various choices regarding data aggregation. The coefficient of separation (CoS), a statistic that indicates the degree of statistical differentiation within the sample, is used to demonstrate the findings. The CoS suggests a substantive dependency of the results on the methodology and assumptions employed. Accordingly, some observations are made on how to conduct DEA in order to get more reliable efficiency rankings, depending on the purpose for which they are to be used. In addition, attention is drawn to the ability of the SLICE MODEL, implemented in GAMS, to enable researchers to overcome the computational burdens of conducting DEA (with bootstrapping). 相似文献
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我国银行间债券市场7天回购交易品种成交量大、交易活跃、参与机构多,其回购利率R07D也成为货币市场短期利率的重要基准。本文从资金面和政策面两个角度出发选取了若干R07D利率的影响因素,对从2001年1月至2006年6月的数据,运用协整、格兰杰因果检验、回归等计量方法进行实证分析,结果显示:央行票据发行利率、超额准备金利率、M2同比增长率、商业银行存贷比与R07D利率存在着长期的协整关系,是R07D利率变动的原因。 相似文献
996.
Fabio R. Chaddad Michael L. Cook Thomas Heckelei 《Journal of Agricultural Economics》2005,56(3):385-397
This study examines the presence of financial constraints in US agricultural cooperatives. We test the cooperative capital constraint hypothesis with a panel data econometric analysis of agricultural cooperatives’ investment behaviour. Regression results suggest that agricultural cooperatives’ capital expenditures are significantly affected by the availability of internal funds. Results also indicate that the sensitivity of investment to cash flow is correlated with cooperative structural characteristics. 相似文献
997.
This paper develops a model of differentiated consumers to examine the consumption effects of genetic modification (GM) under alternative labelling regimes and segregation enforcement scenarios. Analytical results show that if consumers perceive GM products as being different than their traditional counterparts, GM affects consumer welfare and, thus, consumption decisions. When the existence of market imperfections in one or more stages of the supply chain prevents the transmission of cost savings associated with the new technology to consumers, GM results in welfare losses for consumers. The analysis shows that the relative welfare ranking of the ‘no labelling’ and ‘mandatory labelling’ regimes depends on: (i) the level of consumer aversion to GM products; (ii) the size of marketing and segregation costs under mandatory labelling; (iii) the share of the GM product in total production; and (iv) the extent to which GM products are incorrectly labelled as non‐GM products. 相似文献
998.
Price relationships between qualitatively differentiated agricultural products: organic and conventional wheat in Germany 下载免费PDF全文
Organic agriculture, which produces commodities that can be qualitatively differentiated from conventional food products, has grown into an important market in many countries. The dynamics of commodity prices in both sectors are partly interdependent, but are also shaped by independent determinants and have rarely been studied. We analyze organic food markets and their interdependencies with conventional markets in the context of wheat markets in Germany, which have been subject to a number of fundamental changes during the last two decades. Based on institutional market characteristics, we suggest a flexible Markov‐switching asymmetric time series model. We find a pronounced temporal sequence of market phases that differ in their asymmetric dynamics and the extent to which the organic price is influenced by the conventional price. Organic wheat prices tend to be increasingly connected to prices of conventional wheat. 相似文献
999.
In this study, we evaluate the preference of consumers in Niger for different tuwo or couscous characteristics using a random utility‐based choice experiment, ordered probit analysis, and tree‐based partitioning. Data were collected through a structured survey administered at four sites. Preferences are estimated for three products (couscous, fermented tuwo, and nonfermented tuwo) made from five pearl millet cutivars. We provide relative valuation for different traits by type of product. Results show that product taste, color, and textural attributes are important, especially for tuwo and couscous. Probit and partitioning results show that taste and color are the first attributes that consumers use to distinguish more preferred millet food products from less preferred millet food products. This should provide some direction for millet breeding programs and food processing of millet. 相似文献
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